Enabling Zero Trust for Cellular Networks
Guidance for Securing Mobile Services
Released: 02/11/2026
4G/LTE, 5G, and Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) cellular networks have evolved into highly distributed, hybrid cloud ecosystems. These architectures underpin critical national infrastructure and enable innovation in areas such as autonomous mobility, remote healthcare, industrial automation, and smart cities. However, they have also expanded attack surfaces and exposed the limitations of traditional perimeter-based security models.
This publication presents practical, standards-aligned guidance for applying the Zero Trust security paradigm to modern cellular environments. Developed by the CSA Zero Trust Working Group, this paper integrates established telecom security standards with the five-step Zero Trust implementation methodology.
The guidance addresses real-world attack scenarios, hybrid cloud deployments, and both greenfield and legacy cellular infrastructures. It provides actionable recommendations for securing mobile services and their components, including RAN, core network functions, transport, OSS/BSS, and network function virtualization infrastructure. At the same time, it aligns Zero Trust principles with telecom-specific operational realities.
By adopting this approach, telecom stakeholders can strengthen identity-based controls, limit lateral movement, and improve resilience against sophisticated cyber threats targeting mobile devices.
Key Takeaways:
- Why Zero Trust is critical for O-RAN, 4G, and 5G security
- How Zero Trust principles align with 3GPP, ETSI, GSMA, and O-RAN standards
- How to build a telecom Zero Trust architecture
- How to protect hybrid and cloud-native telecom environments
Best For:
- Mobile network operators and telecom service providers
- Cellular network architects and engineers
- Telecom security operations teams
- Network infrastructure, cloud, and equipment vendors
- Telecom solution architects and application owners
